Warm Ocean Waters: Hurricanes and typhoons, collectively known as tropical cyclones, form over warm ocean waters (typically above 26.5 degrees Celsius or 80 degrees Fahrenheit).
Low-Pressure Systems: They originate from low-pressure areas where warm air at the surface rises, creating a feedback loop with surrounding air that fuels their development.
Eye and Eyewall Structure: Tropical cyclones feature a distinct eye at the center, surrounded by the eyewall—a ring of intense thunderstorms where the strongest winds and heaviest rainfall occur.
Categorization by Wind Speed: The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Wind Scale categorizes them from Category 1 (weakest) to Category 5 (strongest) based on sustained wind speeds.
Storm Surge: One of the most significant dangers associated with hurricanes and typhoons is the storm surge—a rise in sea level due to the cyclone's winds pushing water ashore.
Heavy Rainfall and Flooding: These tropical systems bring heavy rainfall, leading to flooding, particularly in low-lying areas and regions with poor drainage.
Global Naming Conventions: Different ocean basins use various naming conventions; for instance, in the Atlantic, they are called hurricanes, while in the Northwest Pacific, they are called typhoons.
Forecasting and Preparedness: Meteorologists use advanced technology to track and predict the paths of hurricanes and typhoons, allowing for timely warnings and evacuations, contributing to disaster preparedness.